Pharma Patent Cliffby readouts.io
Acquisitions · 2023–2026

Big pharma's deals vs its patent cliff

Since 2023, the 17 drugmakers tracked here have closed 59 acquisitions of $1B or more, worth $323.4B. The largest was Pfizer's purchase of Seagen for $43.0B. Only 10 of the 65 deals brought a product that was already approved at closing.

Spent on acquisitions, by year closed

$111.2B2023
12 deals
$71.4B2024
18 deals
$60.0B2025
13 deals
$80.9B2026
to date
16 deals

Counted deals only. 2026 runs to Sep 2026.

Every deal

BuyerCompany boughtAreaWhat it broughtAt closing
Sep 2026 Eli Lilly AtaiBeckleyLilly, 2026 · Lilly, September 2026 $2.8B Neuroscience Fast-acting psychedelic-derived treatments for treatment-resistant depressionPlus a CVR worth up to $1.0B. Pipeline only
Sep 2026 AbbVie Apogee TherapeuticsAbbVie, June 2026 · AbbVie, September 2026 $10.9B Immunology Zumilokibart, a long-acting IL-13 antibody for atopic dermatitis, and asthma programs Pipeline only
Sep 2026 Vertex Crinetics PharmaceuticalsVertex, July 2026 · Vertex, September 2026 $10.0B Other Palsonify for acromegaly, a hormone disorder, plus other endocrine drugs in development Approved product
Jul 2026 J&J Firefly BioJ&J, July 2026 $1.0B Oncology An early platform for degrader-antibody conjugates in solid tumors Pipeline only
Jul 2026 Incyte Vega TherapeuticsIncyte 10-Q, Q2 2026 $1.25B Other Latarcibart, a Phase 3 antibody for von Willebrand disease, a bleeding disorderA Star Therapeutics subsidiary; up to $0.75B more in sales milestones. Pipeline only
Jul 2026 Novartis Myricx BioNovartis, 2026 · Novartis Q2 2026 report $1.1B Oncology Early antibody-drug conjugates with a new type of payloadUpfront payment; up to $0.4B more in milestones. Pipeline only
Jul 2026 Eli Lilly Curevo, LimmaTech and Vaccine CompanyLilly, May 2026 · Lilly 10-Q, Q2 2026 Up to $3.83BNot counted Infectious disease Vaccines in development, including amezosvatein for shinglesThree companies; Lilly gave one combined figure. Pipeline only
Jun 2026 Eli Lilly Kelonia TherapeuticsLilly, April 2026 · Lilly 10-Q, Q2 2026 $3.25B Oncology KLN-1010, an in vivo CAR-T therapy for multiple myelomaUpfront payment; up to $3.75B more in milestones. Pipeline only
Jun 2026 Eli Lilly Centessa PharmaceuticalsLilly, March 2026 · Lilly, June 2026 $6.3B Neuroscience ORX750 and other orexin agonists for narcolepsy and other sleep disordersPlus a CVR worth up to $1.5B. Pipeline only
Jun 2026 Eli Lilly Ajax TherapeuticsLilly, April 2026 Up to $2.3BNot counted Oncology AJ1-11095, an oral JAK2 inhibitor in early trials for myelofibrosis Pipeline only
May 2026 Novartis Pikavation TherapeuticsNovartis, March 2026 $2.0B Oncology SNV4818, a PI3Kα inhibitor in early trials for breast cancerUpfront payment; up to $1.0B more in milestones. Pipeline only
May 2026 Gilead TubulisGilead, May 2026 $3.15B Oncology TUB-040, an antibody-drug conjugate in early trials for ovarian cancerUpfront payment; up to $1.85B more in milestones. Pipeline only
May 2026 Merck Terns PharmaceuticalsMerck, May 2026 $6.7B Oncology TERN-701, an oral drug for chronic myeloid leukemia Pipeline only
May 2026 Eli Lilly Orna TherapeuticsLilly, February 2026 Up to $2.4BNot counted Immunology ORN-252, an in vivo CAR-T therapy for autoimmune diseases Pipeline only
Apr 2026 Gilead ArcellxGilead, April 2026 $7.8B Oncology Full ownership of anito-cel, a CAR-T therapy for multiple myeloma it already co-developedGilead's reported value, including a CVR of $5 per share. Pipeline only
Mar 2026 Eli Lilly Ventyx BiosciencesLilly, January 2026 · Lilly 10-Q, Q2 2026 $1.2B Immunology Oral NLRP3 inhibitors for inflammatory diseases Pipeline only
Feb 2026 Novartis Avidity BiosciencesNovartis, October 2025 · Novartis, February 2026 $12.0B Neuroscience Late-stage RNA drugs for neuromuscular diseases, including myotonic dystrophy Pipeline only
Feb 2026 Sanofi Dynavax TechnologiesSanofi, December 2025 · Sanofi, February 2026 $2.2B Vaccines Heplisav-B, an adult hepatitis B vaccine, and a shingles vaccine in early trials Approved product
Jan 2026 Merck Cidara TherapeuticsMerck, January 2026 $9.2B Infectious disease CD388, a long-acting antiviral to prevent flu in people at higher risk Pipeline only
Dec 2025 J&J Halda TherapeuticsJ&J, December 2025 $3.05B Oncology HLD-0915, an oral prostate cancer drug in clinical trials Pipeline only
Dec 2025 Novo Nordisk Akero TherapeuticsNovo Nordisk 6-K, October 2025 · Akero, December 2025 $4.7B Cardiometabolic Efruxifermin, a Phase 3 drug for MASH, a fatty liver diseasePlus a CVR worth up to $0.5B. Pipeline only
Dec 2025 Sanofi VicebioSanofi, December 2025 · PharmExec, July 2025 $1.15B Vaccines An early combination vaccine for RSV and human metapneumovirusUpfront payment; up to $0.45B more in milestones. Pipeline only
Dec 2025 BMS Orbital TherapeuticsBMS, October 2025 · BMS 10-K 2025 $1.5B Immunology OTX-201, an early in vivo CAR-T therapy for autoimmune disease Pipeline only
Nov 2025 Pfizer MetseraPfizer 10-Q, Q2 2026 $8.0B Cardiometabolic Injectable and oral obesity drugs in clinical trialsPfizer's reported value, including $0.6B for CVRs that could pay up to $2.3B. Pipeline only
Oct 2025 Roche 89bioRoche, September 2025 · Roche, October 2025 $2.4B Cardiometabolic Pegozafermin, a Phase 3 drug for MASH, a fatty liver diseasePlus a CVR worth up to $1.1B. Pipeline only
Oct 2025 Novartis Tourmaline BioNovartis, October 2025 · Novartis Q2 2026 report $1.4B Cardiometabolic Pacibekitug, an IL-6 antibody in development for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease Pipeline only
Oct 2025 Merck Verona PharmaMerck, October 2025 $10.0B Other Ohtuvayre, an inhaled COPD maintenance treatment approved in 2024 Approved product
Aug 2025 AbbVie Capstan TherapeuticsAbbVie, June 2025 · AbbVie 10-K 2025 $2.1B Immunology CPTX2309, an early in vivo CAR-T therapy for autoimmune disease Pipeline only
Jul 2025 Eli Lilly Verve TherapeuticsLilly, July 2025 $1.0B Cardiometabolic One-time gene-editing treatments to lower cholesterolPlus a CVR worth up to $0.3B. Pipeline only
Jul 2025 Sanofi Blueprint MedicinesSanofi, June 2025 · Sanofi, July 2025 $9.1B Immunology Ayvakit, the only approved drug for systemic mastocytosis, plus immunology pipeline drugs Approved product
Jul 2025 Eli Lilly SiteOne TherapeuticsLilly, May 2025 Up to $1.0BNot counted Neuroscience STC-004, a non-opioid pain drug in development Pipeline only
Apr 2025 J&J Intra-Cellular TherapiesJ&J, April 2025 $14.6B Neuroscience Caplyta, approved for schizophrenia and bipolar depression Approved product
Mar 2025 Eli Lilly Scorpion TherapeuticsLilly, January 2025 Up to $2.5BNot counted Oncology STX-478, a PI3Kα inhibitor in early trials for breast cancer Pipeline only
Jan 2025 Roche Poseida TherapeuticsRoche, November 2024 · Roche Finance Report 2025 $1.0B Oncology Off-the-shelf CAR-T therapies for blood cancers and autoimmune diseasePlus a CVR worth up to $0.5B. Pipeline only
Dec 2024 AbbVie Aliada TherapeuticsAbbVie, October 2024 $1.4B Neuroscience ALIA-1758, an early antibody for Alzheimer's disease Pipeline only
Aug 2024 AbbVie Cerevel TherapeuticsAbbVie, December 2023 · AbbVie, August 2024 $8.7B Neuroscience Tavapadon for Parkinson's disease (Phase 3) and emraclidine for schizophrenia Pipeline only
Jul 2024 Merck EyeBioMerck, May 2024 · Merck, July 2024 $1.3B Other Restoret (MK-3000), an antibody for diabetic macular edema and wet AMDUpfront payment; up to $1.7B more in milestones. Pipeline only
Jul 2024 J&J Yellow Jersey TherapeuticsJ&J, July 2024 $1.25B Immunology NM26, a bispecific antibody for atopic dermatitis Pipeline only
Jul 2024 Eli Lilly MorphicLilly, July 2024 · Lilly 10-K 2025 $3.2B Immunology MORF-057, an oral drug in Phase 2 for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease Pipeline only
Jun 2024 AstraZeneca Fusion PharmaceuticalsFusion 8-K, June 2024 $2.0B Oncology Radioconjugate cancer drugs, led by FPI-2265 for prostate cancerPlus a CVR worth up to $0.4B. Pipeline only
May 2024 Sanofi InhibrxSanofi, May 2024 $1.7B Other SAR447537, a treatment in development for alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiencyPlus a CVR of $5 per share. Pipeline only
May 2024 Novartis MorphoSysNovartis, February 2024 · Novartis, May 2024 $2.9B Oncology Pelabresib, a late-stage drug for myelofibrosis, and tulmimetostatAnnounced as €2.7B; converted at the February 2024 exchange rate. Pipeline only
May 2024 Vertex Alpine Immune SciencesAlpine, April 2024 · Vertex, 2024 $4.9B Other Povetacicept, a drug for IgA nephropathy, a kidney disease Pipeline only
May 2024 Novartis Mariana OncologyNovartis, May 2024 $1.0B Oncology Early radioligand cancer therapies, led by MC-339 for small cell lung cancerUpfront payment; up to $0.75B more in milestones. Pipeline only
Mar 2024 Gilead CymaBay TherapeuticsGilead, March 2024 $4.3B Other Seladelpar (now Livdelzi) for the liver disease PBC, approved by the FDA in August 2024, after the deal closedGilead does not report Livdelzi sales separately. Pipeline only
Mar 2024 BMS Karuna TherapeuticsBMS, March 2024 $14.0B Neuroscience Cobenfy for schizophrenia, approved by the FDA in September 2024, after the deal closed Pipeline only
Mar 2024 J&J Ambrx BiopharmaJ&J, March 2024 $2.0B Oncology Antibody-drug conjugates, led by ARX517 for prostate cancerAbout $1.8B net of cash acquired. Pipeline only
Feb 2024 BMS RayzeBioBMS, February 2024 $4.1B Oncology RYZ101, a radiopharmaceutical in Phase 3 for neuroendocrine tumors Pipeline only
Feb 2024 AstraZeneca Gracell BiotechnologiesAstraZeneca, February 2024 $1.0B Oncology GC012F, a CAR-T cell therapy for multiple myeloma and autoimmune diseasePlus a CVR worth up to $0.2B. Pipeline only
Feb 2024 AbbVie ImmunoGenAbbVie, November 2023 · AbbVie, February 2024 $10.1B Oncology Elahere, an antibody-drug conjugate for ovarian cancer Approved product
Jan 2024 Roche Carmot TherapeuticsRoche, December 2023 · Roche Finance Report 2024 $2.7B Cardiometabolic Three obesity and diabetes drugs in clinical trialsUpfront payment; up to $0.4B more in milestones. Pipeline only
Jan 2024 BMS Mirati TherapeuticsBMS, October 2023 · BMS, January 2024 $4.8B Oncology Krazati, a lung cancer drug, plus early cancer programsPlus a CVR worth up to $1.0B. Approved product
Dec 2023 Pfizer SeagenSeagen 8-K, December 2023 $43.0B Oncology Four approved cancer drugs (Padcev, Adcetris, Tivdak, Tukysa) and an antibody-drug conjugate pipelineEnterprise value. Approved product
Dec 2023 Eli Lilly POINT BiopharmaPOINT, October 2023 · Lilly 10-K 2025 $1.4B Oncology Radioligand cancer therapies, led by PNT2002 for prostate cancer Pipeline only
Dec 2023 Roche TelavantRoche, October 2023 · Roche Annual Report 2023 $7.1B Immunology US and Japan rights to afimkibart (RVT-3101), an antibody for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's diseasePlus a near-term $0.15B milestone. Pipeline only
Oct 2023 Amgen Horizon TherapeuticsAmgen, October 2023 $27.8B Other Rare-disease drugs Tepezza (thyroid eye disease), Krystexxa (gout) and UpliznaAnnounced in December 2022. Approved product
Aug 2023 Eli Lilly Versanis BioLilly, July 2023 · Lilly, August 2023 Up to $1.93BNot counted Cardiometabolic Bimagrumab, an antibody in development for obesity Pipeline only
Aug 2023 Novartis Chinook TherapeuticsNovartis, June 2023 · Novartis, August 2023 $3.2B Other Atrasentan and zigakibart, two Phase 3 drugs for IgA nephropathy, a kidney diseasePlus a CVR worth up to $0.3B. Pipeline only
Aug 2023 Eli Lilly DICE TherapeuticsDICE 8-K, June 2023 $2.4B Immunology Oral IL-17 inhibitors in development for psoriasis and other immune diseases Pipeline only
Jul 2023 Astellas Iveric BioAstellas, July 2023 $5.9B Other Izervay for geographic atrophy, an eye disease, approved by the FDA in August 2023, after the deal closed Pipeline only
Jun 2023 Merck Prometheus BiosciencesMerck, June 2023 $10.8B Immunology Tulisokibart (MK-7240), an antibody for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease Pipeline only
Apr 2023 Sanofi Provention BioProvention, March 2023 · Sanofi, April 2023 $2.9B Cardiometabolic Tzield, which delays the onset of type 1 diabetes Approved product
Feb 2023 AstraZeneca CinCor PharmaAstraZeneca, February 2023 $1.3B Cardiometabolic Baxdrostat, a drug for hard-to-control high blood pressurePlus a CVR worth up to $0.5B. Pipeline only
Feb 2023 Takeda Nimbus LakshmiTakeda, February 2023 $4.0B Immunology Zasocitinib (TAK-279), an oral TYK2 inhibitor for psoriasis and other immune diseasesA Nimbus Therapeutics subsidiary; upfront payment, plus two $1B sales milestones. Pipeline only
Jan 2023 Merck Imago BioSciencesMerck, January 2023 $1.35B Oncology Bomedemstat, an oral drug for bone marrow cancers such as essential thrombocythemia Pipeline only

Whole-company acquisitions closed since January 2023 with a headline price of $1B or more. Values are the price the buyer announced, excluding milestone payments unless noted. Where a buyer disclosed only an "up to" price that includes milestones, the deal is listed but not counted. Licensing deals, MedTech and animal health are left out.

Buying where they're losing?

For each company: 2025 sales of tracked drugs losing US exclusivity by 2037, next to what it has spent on acquisitions since 2023, by therapeutic area. 11 of the 17 companies spent the most on deals outside the area where they have the most revenue at risk.

2025 sales losing US exclusivity by 2037Spent on acquisitions since 2023

Eli Lilly

$50.1B at risk · $21.6B on deals
Oncology
$5.7B
$4.7B
Immunology
$3.6B
$6.8B
Cardiometabolic
$40.8B
$1.0B
Neuroscience
–
$9.1B

Merck

$38.4B at risk · $39.4B on deals
Oncology
$33.2B
$8.1B
Immunology
–
$10.8B
Vaccines
$5.2B
–
Infectious disease
–
$9.2B
Other
–
$11.3B

AstraZeneca

$33.3B at risk · $4.3B on deals
Oncology
$20.2B
$3.0B
Cardiometabolic
$8.4B
$1.3B
Other
$4.7B
–

Novo Nordisk

$31.3B at risk · $4.7B on deals
Cardiometabolic
$31.3B
$4.7B

AbbVie

$28.7B at risk · $33.2B on deals
Oncology
$2.9B
$10.1B
Immunology
$25.9B
$13.0B
Neuroscience
–
$10.1B

Johnson & Johnson

$28.4B at risk · $21.9B on deals
Oncology
$17.2B
$6.1B
Immunology
$11.2B
$1.3B
Neuroscience
–
$14.6B

Bristol Myers Squibb

$27.2B at risk · $24.4B on deals
Oncology
$12.8B
$8.9B
Immunology
–
$1.5B
Cardiometabolic
$14.4B
–
Neuroscience
–
$14.0B

Pfizer

$27.1B at risk · $51.0B on deals
Oncology
$6.3B
$43.0B
Cardiometabolic
$14.3B
$8.0B
Vaccines
$6.5B
–

Novartis

$23.6B at risk · $23.6B on deals
Oncology
$4.8B
$7.0B
Immunology
$6.7B
–
Cardiometabolic
$7.7B
$1.4B
Neuroscience
$4.4B
$12.0B
Other
–
$3.2B

Sanofi

$17.8B at risk · $17.1B on deals
Immunology
$17.8B
$9.1B
Cardiometabolic
–
$2.9B
Vaccines
–
$3.4B
Other
–
$1.7B

Gilead

$17.1B at risk · $15.3B on deals
Oncology
–
$11.0B
Infectious disease
$17.1B
–
Other
–
$4.3B

Amgen

$14.0B at risk · $27.8B on deals
Oncology
$2.1B
–
Immunology
$4.5B
–
Cardiometabolic
$3.0B
–
Other
$4.4B
$27.8B

Vertex

$10.3B at risk · $14.9B on deals
Other
$10.3B
$14.9B

Roche

$8.45B at risk · $13.2B on deals
Oncology
–
$1.0B
Immunology
–
$7.1B
Cardiometabolic
–
$5.1B
Neuroscience
$8.5B
–

Takeda

$6.0B at risk · $4.0B on deals
Immunology
$6.0B
$4.0B

Astellas

$6.0B at risk · $5.9B on deals
Oncology
$6.0B
–
Other
–
$5.9B

Incyte

$3.09B at risk · $1.25B on deals
Oncology
$3.1B
–
Other
–
$1.3B

All panels share one scale. A deal's price is not revenue, so the two bars measure different things; they show where each company is losing and where it is buying, not how much of the gap is filled.