Pharma Patent Cliffby readouts.io
Late-stage pipeline · Neuroscience

Late-stage neuroscience biotechs

$12.9B of 2025 neuroscience blockbuster sales lose US exclusivity by 2037, led by Ocrevus, Kesimpta. These 42 public biotechs have 60 neuroscience treatments in Phase 3 or filed with the FDA, 29 of them already filed.

Who is losing neuroscience revenue

2025 sales each company reports from tracked neuroscience treatments losing US exclusivity by 2037. Big pharma has spent $59.8B on 7 neuroscience acquisitions since 2023. See the deals →

42 biotechs with late-stage neuroscience treatments

Ionis Pharmaceuticals IONS

Ionis has three approved drugs and two fresh Phase 3 wins, but the hepatitis B functional-cure PDUFA is the single event that rerates the stock

  • Zilganersen FiledAlexander Disease · GFAP antisense oligonucleotide
  • Nusinersen (higher dose) FiledSpinal Muscular Atrophy · SMN2 splicing modifier antisense oligonucleotide
  • ION582 Phase 3Angelman Syndrome · UBE3A antisense transcript antisense oligonucleotide
Read the thesis on Readouts →

Praxis Precision Medicines PRAX

Two NDAs at FDA simultaneously, both past mid-cycle with no major concerns flagged; approval of either or both validates Praxis's precision epilepsy engine

  • Relutrigine FiledDevelopmental And Epileptic Encephalopathy · Sodium channel modulator
  • Ulixacaltamide FiledEssential Tremor · T-type calcium channel inhibitor
  • Elsunersen Phase 3Developmental And Epileptic Encephalopathy · Antisense oligonucleotide
Read the thesis on Readouts →

Capricor Therapeutics CAPR

Phase 3 data in hand, advisory committee voted 3-9 against; FDA's Aug 22 PDUFA on amended filing is the only question that matters

  • Deramiocel FiledDuchenne Muscular Dystrophy Cardiomyopathy · Allogeneic cardiosphere-derived cell therapy
  • Deramiocel FiledBecker Muscular Dystrophy · Allogeneic cardiosphere-derived cell therapy
Read the thesis on Readouts →

Entrada Therapeutics TRDA

ENTR-601-44 hit a functional endpoint at first dose; higher-dose readouts and a runway expiring Q3 2027 now determine whether this DMD platform survives to registrational data

  • ENTR-601-50 FiledDuchenne Muscular Dystrophy · Exon 50-skipping antisense oligonucleotide
  • ENTR-601-51 FiledDuchenne Muscular Dystrophy · Exon 51-skipping antisense oligonucleotide
Read the thesis on Readouts →

NRx Pharmaceuticals NRXP

NRX-100 clears first-cycle FDA review with no drug deficiencies; approvability via Real World Evidence is the unresolved bet

  • NRX-100 FiledTreatment-Resistant Depression · NMDA receptor antagonist
  • NRX-101 FiledBipolar Depression · NMDA receptor antagonist / D2 receptor antagonist combination
Read the thesis on Readouts →

Xenon Pharmaceuticals XENE

Azetukalner NDA submitted on strong FOS data, while a voluntary psychiatry enrollment pause adds safety uncertainty

  • azetukalner FiledFocal Onset Seizures · Kv7 potassium channel opener
  • azetukalner Phase 3Major Depressive Disorder · Kv7 potassium channel opener
  • azetukalner Phase 3Primary Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures · Kv7 potassium channel opener
  • azetukalner Phase 3Bipolar Depression · Kv7 potassium channel opener
Read the thesis on Readouts →

Biohaven BHVN

Biohaven pivots to BHV-1300 in Graves' disease after troriluzole CRL and OCD failure, with a $795M Kv7 licensing deal buying time for a 2027 Phase 3 readout

  • Troriluzole FiledSpinocerebellar Ataxia · Glutamate modulator (riluzole prodrug)
  • BHV-7000 Phase 3Focal Epilepsy · Kv7 potassium channel activator
  • Troriluzole Phase 3Obsessive Compulsive Disorder · Glutamate modulator (riluzole prodrug)
Read the thesis on Readouts →

Grace Therapeutics GRCE

GTx-104 cleared Phase 3 and FDA's clinical bar; a manufacturing-only CRL stands between Grace and approval if remediation completes before cash runs out

  • GTx-104 FiledAneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage · Calcium channel blocker
  • GTx-101 Phase 3Postherpetic Neuralgia · Sodium channel modulator
  • GTx-102 Phase 3Ataxia Telangiectasia
Read the thesis on Readouts →

Edgewise Therapeutics EWTX

Flush with $1.5B from selling sevasemten, Edgewise bets the new company on whether EDG-7500 can carve space from aficamten in a crowded HCM market

  • sevasemten FiledBecker Muscular Dystrophy · skeletal muscle sarcomere modulator
  • sevasemten Phase 3Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy · skeletal muscle sarcomere modulator
Read the thesis on Readouts →

Achieve Life Sciences ACHV

Cytisinicline's Q4 resubmission must clear the CRL's manufacturing and labeling issues before a potential 2027 launch

  • cytisinicline FiledNicotine Dependence · nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist
Read the thesis on Readouts →

Anavex Life Sciences AVXL

EU rejection forces blarcamesine back to Phase 3 in Alzheimer's; Rett syndrome and $118M cash keep the story alive pending FDA alignment

  • blarcamesine FiledAlzheimer'S Disease · Sigma-1 receptor agonist
Read the thesis on Readouts →

Annexon ANNX

GBS complement inhibitor heads to FDA with striking Phase 3 data; approval verdict determines whether Annexon becomes a commercial company

  • tanruprubart FiledGuillain-Barré Syndrome · C1q inhibitor
Read the thesis on Readouts →

BridgeBio Pharma BBIO

Four late-stage programs approaching simultaneous approval decisions; encaleret's May 2027 PDUFA with clean Phase 3 data is the first test of whether BridgeBio can convert its pipeline into a multi-franchise rare-disease company

  • BBP-418 FiledLimb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy Type 2I/R9 · ribitol substrate replacement therapy
Read the thesis on Readouts →

Cingulate CING

CMC-only CRL clears the clinical bar but leaves approval timing uncertain; resubmission success determines whether the trimodal dexmethylphenidate ADHD bet pays off

  • CTx-1301 FiledAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder · dopamine reuptake inhibitor
Read the thesis on Readouts →

Clene CLNN

FDA-confirmed accelerated approval path for ALS hinges on NDA acceptance and whether NfL qualifies as a surrogate; runway expires the same quarter the filing lands

  • CNM-Au8 FiledAmyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis · Nanocrystalline gold suspension (metabolic neuroprotectant)
Read the thesis on Readouts →

COMPASS Pathways CMPS

Two positive Phase 3 trials, NDA filed, CNPV in hand; approval clears the path; DEA rescheduling determines whether launch actually happens

  • COMP360 FiledTreatment-Resistant Depression · serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonist
Read the thesis on Readouts →

Harrow HROW

Specialty ophthalmic rollup with Phase 3-proven sedation drug racing a widening cash burn toward an NDA filing

  • MELT-300 FiledProcedural Sedation · benzodiazepine sedative
Read the thesis on Readouts →

Larimar Therapeutics LRMR

BLA filed on novel surrogate endpoint for fatal orphan disease; FDA acceptance of skin frataxin as the surrogate determines whether approval follows

  • nomlabofusp FiledFriedreich'S Ataxia · frataxin replacement fusion protein
Read the thesis on Readouts →

Mesoblast Limited MESO

Ryoncil's $115M launch year funds the rexlemestrocel-L CLBP Phase 3 bet; the readout determines whether Mesoblast is a commercial platform or a one-product story

  • Rexlemestrocel-L FiledChronic Low Back Pain · mesenchymal stem cell therapy
Read the thesis on Readouts →

Quince Therapeutics QNCX

Quince shed its founding A-T program and rebuilt entirely around inhaled rapamycin; the BOS readout is the first test of whether LAM-001 works in a controlled setting

  • eDSP FiledAtaxia-Telangiectasia · mTOR inhibitor
Read the thesis on Readouts →

Sarepta Therapeutics SRPT

Sarepta's $1B+ revenue base hinges on FDA granting traditional approval for two exon-skipping drugs whose confirmatory trial missed its primary endpoint

  • ELEVIDYS FiledDuchenne Muscular Dystrophy · AAV-based micro-dystrophin gene therapy
Read the thesis on Readouts →

TG Therapeutics TGTX

BRIUMVI nearing $1B annual revenue with SC formulation and indication expansions as the growth ceiling test

  • BRIUMVI FiledRelapsing Forms Of Multiple Sclerosis · anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody
Read the thesis on Readouts →

uniQure QURE

BLA filed for first Huntington's gene therapy, but 4-year data missed primary endpoint; FDA verdict on external-control adequacy is all that matters

  • AMT-130 FiledHuntington'S Disease · gene therapy (microRNA-based huntingtin suppression)
Read the thesis on Readouts →

Definium Therapeutics DFTX

Three consecutive Phase 3 wins with lysergide ODT across GAD and MDD; approval of a novel psychedelic therapy hinges on FDA's regulatory posture at the NDA

  • DT120 ODT Phase 3Major Depressive Disorder · serotonergic psychedelic (5-HT2A agonist)
  • DT120 ODT Phase 3Generalized Anxiety Disorder · serotonergic psychedelic (5-HT2A agonist)
  • DT120 ODT Phase 3Posttraumatic Stress Disorder · serotonergic psychedelic (5-HT2A agonist)
Read the thesis on Readouts →

AC Immune SA ACIU

NLRP3 inhibitor moving into CV risk patients; thesis stands or falls on whether hsCRP inhibition in diseased subjects arrives before Q4 2027 runway

  • PI-2620 Phase 3Alzheimer'S Disease · brain-penetrant small molecule PET tracer
  • PI-2620 Phase 3Progressive Supranuclear Palsy · brain-penetrant small molecule PET tracer
Read the thesis on Readouts →

CervoMed CRVO

DLB drug with FDA-aligned Phase 3 path but no partner yet; post-hoc subgroup data must hold up in a registrational trial CervoMed cannot fund alone

  • neflamapimod Phase 3Dementia With Lewy Bodies · p38 MAPK inhibitor
Read the thesis on Readouts →

Cybin D/B/A Helus Pharma HELP

Dual-BTD psilocybin analog in two Phase 3 pivotals for MDD, but a $42M/quarter burn means survival to NDA hinges on APPROACH data and follow-on financing

  • HLP003 Phase 3Major Depressive Disorder · novel serotonergic agonist (NSA)
Read the thesis on Readouts →

Design Therapeutics DSGN

GeneTAC platform's first clinical signal in Friedreich ataxia hinges on whether 12-week frataxin data can support a registrational path

  • DT-216P2 Phase 3Friedreich Ataxia · GAA repeat-targeting small molecule frataxin activator
Read the thesis on Readouts →

Intellia Therapeutics NTLA

CRISPR's first potential approval races a live clinical hold: lonvo-z's March 2027 PDUFA defines the bull case while nex-z's safety resolution remains open

  • NTLA-2001 Phase 3Transthyretin Amyloidosis With Polyneuropathy · CRISPR-based gene editing targeting transthyretin
Read the thesis on Readouts →

Lexeo Therapeutics LXEO

Gene therapy for a fatal heart disease in FA, with a 13-vs-13 pivotal readout the single gate to a 2028 BLA

  • LX2006 Phase 3Friedreich Ataxia Cardiomyopathy · Frataxin gene replacement therapy
Read the thesis on Readouts →

Lipocine LPCN

Oral brexanolone's second Phase 3 swing at PPD, with BLOOM's site-controlled design the only test of whether the first miss was noise or signal

  • LPCN 1154 Phase 3Postpartum Depression · GABA-A receptor positive allosteric modulator
Read the thesis on Readouts →

MeiraGTx Holdings MGTX

Gene therapy platform with three shots on goal, but AAV2-hAQP1's pivotal readout is the fulcrum: Phase 2 data either opens a clear BLA path or leaves bota-vec's contested filing carrying the entire near-term case

  • AAV-GAD Phase 3Parkinson'S Disease · AAV-delivered glutamic acid decarboxylase gene therapy
Read the thesis on Readouts →

NervGen Pharma NGEN

NVG-291 enters registrational RESTORE study in chronic tetraplegia; thesis resolves on whether Phase 2 neural recovery signals replicate at scale

  • NVG-291 Phase 3Chronic Tetraplegia Due To Spinal Cord Injury · PTPσ inhibitor
Read the thesis on Readouts →

Neumora Therapeutics NMRA

Neumora pivots to NMRA-511 in AD agitation after navacaprant's three Phase 3 failures; the bet now hinges on whether Phase 1b signals translate to Phase 2 efficacy

  • navacaprant Phase 3Major Depressive Disorder · Kappa opioid receptor antagonist
Read the thesis on Readouts →

Neuphoria Therapeutics NEUP

Scancell-Neuphoria merger bets $79M on iSCIB1+ beating an approved TIL therapy in post-checkpoint melanoma, if Phase 3 confirms the 77% PFS signal

  • BNC-210 Phase 3Social Anxiety Disorder · GABA-A receptor positive allosteric modulator
Read the thesis on Readouts →

Passage Bio PASG

Reverse merger turns Passage Bio into Remix Therapeutics after FDA blocked PBFT02's path; REM-422 Phase 2 ACC data in 2027 is the new make-or-break event

  • PBFT02 Phase 3Frontotemporal Dementia · Progranulin gene replacement therapy
Read the thesis on Readouts →

Roivant Sciences ROIV

First-ever approved dermatomyositis therapy just launched; commercial uptake now determines whether a multi-indication TYK2/JAK1 platform compounds or stalls

  • IMVT-1402 Phase 3Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy · FcRn inhibitor
Read the thesis on Readouts →

Stoke Therapeutics STOK

Four years of durable OLE data and Phase 3 enrollment complete; zorevunersen's NDA case hinges on whether Phase 3 confirms the signal

  • zorevunersen Phase 3Dravet Syndrome · SCN1A-targeting antisense oligonucleotide
Read the thesis on Readouts →

Filed treatments are listed first. This shows where late-stage treatments are being developed, not which companies will be acquired. Pipeline data and summaries from Readouts as of 29 September 2026; companies already acquired are left out.

Other areas: Oncology · Immunology · Cardiometabolic · Vaccine · Infectious disease · Other areas